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337 articles for “hardness”
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Advanced Power Grid
Abstract: The electric power transmission systems of tomorrow must incorporate advanced hardware and software technologies to increase reliable long-distance power transfer. While new hardware technologies can improve transmission system capabilities, software technologies are also needed to coordinate these hardware technologies safely, securely, and effectively. To prevent system failures, future transmission systems must integrate advanced hardware and software technologies across new and existing facilities, allow revolutionary improvements in power grid utilization, and …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 16–22 Read article
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Correlation between full width at half maximum (FWHM) of XRD peak with mechanical properties
Abstract: Full width at half maximum (FWHM) of XRD profiles characterizes different mechanical properties. However, there is no literature available that discusses about the correlation between the FWHM of XRD peaks with mechanical properties (ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, strain hardening coefficient and micro-hardness) upon plastic deformation. Martensitic stainless steel (type 410) and Ferritic stainless steel (type 430) samples were plastically deformed under different strain rate using tensile testing machine. Variation …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 15–23 Read article
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Role and Applications of Alloys in Everyday Life
Abstract: An alloy is a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element. Alloys are defined by a metallic bonding character. An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) or a mixture of metallic phases (two or more solutions). Melting point: Put the alloy, a piece of tin and a piece of lead into a sand tray. All three samples should be …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 17–23 Read article
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Three body Abrasive wear behavior of A356 Aluminum alloy in different Solution treated condition
Abstract: In the present study, solution treatment of A356 Al alloy was carried out in three different ways namely T4-Solution Treatment – TB Condition, T5-Precipitation (Ageing) – TE Condition and T6-Solution Treatment and Precipitation Hardening – TF Conditions. Three body abrasive tests were carried out for all the solution treated samples as well as base metal. The influence of the heat treatment on the microstructure, hardness and abrasive wear resistance behaviour …
Published in International Journal of Composite Materials and Matrices · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 27–32 Read article
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Analysis of Tensile Strength Properties for FG260 Welded Cast Iron: A Review
Abstract: Gray cast iron is the most common cast iron and it can be effectively welded if cooling rates controlled during welding and after welding. Poor weldability of gray cast iron is due to the presence of much more carbon that is the found in flake or spherical form and silicon than other ferrous metal which results in cast iron is less ductile hence weld is subjected to more metallurgical complications …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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Enhancement of Wear Resistance of AISI D2 Steel Slitter using Deep Cryogenic Treatment
Abstract: The cooling of material below-150C for sufficient soaking period is termed as deep cryogenic treatment (DCT). There is an improvement in wear resistance and hardness of tool and die steels due to deep cryogenic treatment. The improvement in wear resistance is observed due to precipitation of fine secondary carbides and even distribution of carbides. In present study, the slitters of AISI D2 cold work air hardening type tool steel are …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 17–28 Read article
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An Extensive Analysis of QC's Difficulties & Restrictions
Abstract: QC constitutes a fundamental shift in computational paradigms by exploiting quantum mechanical phenomena namely superposition, entanglement, and interference to achieve computational advantages over classical systems for specific problem domains. Despite significant theoretical progress, the realization of large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers remains impeded by a range of intrinsic and technological constraints. This paper offers a thorough & critical analysis of the principal challenges associated with QC, with a focus on de- …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Optimizing Internal Combustion Engine Performance and Fleet Fuel Economy through Machine Learning and AI using Big Data Analytics
Abstract: This paper presents a software-defined operational intelligence approach for optimizing internal combustion engine performance and fleet fuel economy using Big Data Analytics combined with Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence. Real-world vehicle data is transformed into engineered features and virtual sensing outputs to estimate fuel consumption, driver behaviour, and component health without additional hardware. The proposed system integrates fuel optimization, predictive maintenance, driver assistance, and sustainability assessment into a unified one-stop …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 35–51 Read article
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Optimizing Internal Combustion Engine Performance and Fleet Fuel Economy through Machine Learning and AI using Big Data Analytics
Abstract: Abstract This paper presents a software-defined operational intelligence approach for optimizing internal combustion engine performance and fleet fuel economy using Big Data Analytics combined with Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence. Real-world vehicle data is transformed into engineered features and virtual sensing outputs to estimate fuel consumption, driver behaviour, and component health without additional hardware. The proposed system integrates fuel optimization, predictive maintenance, driver assistance, and sustainability assessment into a unified …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Influence of Different Quenching Media on the Mechanical Properties of Mild Steel – A Case Study of Coconut Oil, Mineral Oil, Jatropha Oil, and Water
Abstract: This study elucidates how local cooling agents, such as coconut oil and jatropha oil, influence the mechanical characteristics of heat-treated mild steel. Tensile testing, Brinell hardness testing, and microstructural analysis were conducted on both heat-treated and untreated samples. The results show observable differences in the heat-treated materials’ mechanical characteristics. Specifically, the yield strength increased across all quenched media, while the ultimate tensile strength decreased for samples cooled with coconut oil …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Analyzing Atmospheric Particulate Matter in PortHarcourt and Omoku, Nigeria, Using Artificial NeuralNetworks and Fuzzy Logic
Abstract: Port Harcourt and Omoku, two densely populated towns in Rivers State, Nigeria, are hubs of industrial, commercial, and residential activities, characterized by the presence of oil and gas industries, educational institutions, large markets, and, in the case of Omoku, access to free electric power supply. These activities contribute to environmental degradation through industrial effluents, domestic waste, automobile emissions, gas flaring, and biomass burning, which release aerosols that form harmful particulates …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 16–52 Read article
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Preparation of Aluminium Foam using Recycled Beverage Cans, Na-CL salt and Discarded Dry Battery powder
Abstract: In this work, an attempt has been made to prepare Aluminium Foam by using recycled beverage cans, dry battery powder and Sodium Chloride (Nacl) powder particles. Three samples were prepared with the following combinations: Sample I = 2 kg of recycled Aluminium cans + 10 wt. % of Nacl salt and 10 wt. % of dry battery powder particles; Sample II = 2 kg of recycled Aluminium cans + 15 …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 38–42 Read article
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Mechanical Studies and Thermal Kinetics of Isoniazid Crystals
Abstract: Single crystals of isoniazid were crystallized by slow solvent evaporation method. The crystal structure was confirmed using single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Micro hardness was estimated and work hardening coefficient and Newtonian resistance pressure of the crystal were determined. Kinetic analysis of the thermogravimetric data was carried out by using Coats-Redfern relation. Activation energy, frequency factor and order of reaction were also calculated. Arrhenius equation for isoniazid is k=0.43×105e–79103/RT mol–1s–1. …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 Read article
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Water Quality Mapping of Tirupur District During Seasonal Variation
Abstract: Groundwater is an essential and vital component of any life support system. It is not only the basic need for human existence but also a vital input for all development activities. Our prime aim should be to preserve and to maintain the balanced biological communities and sustainable stream ecosystem health. In this study, the quality of groundwater in study area is analysed using IS standard methods. A detailed geo-chemical study …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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Water QUALITY ANALYSIS AND REMEDIAL MEASURE FOR NEAR BY VILLAGE WAGHOLI (DOMKHEL VASTI)
Abstract: This paper presents groundwater quality of nearby village Wagholi (Domkhel Vasti). Four different locations were selected for the study and compared. The parameters studied were pH, Turbidity, Chloride Content, Total Hardness. From overall analysis, it was observed that there was a slight fluctuation in the Turbidity, Chloride Content, Total Hardness among the water samples studied. Comparison of the result of the water sample with IS 10500:2012 showed that the certain …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 23–27 Read article
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A Comprehensive Approach to Design and Implement a Fast FIR Filter for Signal Processing Applications
Abstract: Signal processing, communications, and computers all rely heavily on the field of digital signal processing (DSP). In DSP important application is Finite impulse response (FIR) filter. The initial objective of this inquiry is to present an approach for an improved framework of a FIR digital filter through the programme level to the hardware level. It influences the decision on design approaches, architecture, and the efficient use of hardware. The window …
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–19 Read article
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Design and Implementation of Bottle Filling Automation System for Food Processing Industries using PLC
Abstract: The prime target behind this work is to build an automated bottle filling conveyor handing system using PLC (MITSUBISHI) or programmable logic controller. The purpose is to automate the working of a conveyor system. The working of conveyor system includes two main tasks to be accomplished. The primary job is starting and stopping of the conveyor using motor. The secondary task is to fill the bottles in a particular time …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Analysis of Prefluxing Method for Transformer Inrush Current Reduction
Abstract: Inrush Current is a harmonic-rich current which flows in transformer when it is energized. Inrush current affect the winding of transformer by means of its structural deformation, induce the voltage distortion, and reduce the power quality. There are number of methods available for transformer inrush current’s reduction. Among them, the latest and emerging method is the prefluxing method. In this paper, same has been explained with its results of simulations …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 Read article
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Analysis of Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of AISI50110 (EN31) Steel With and Without Heat Treatment
Abstract: The mechanical properties of steel decide its applicability for a particular condition. Heat treatment processes are commonly used to enhance the required properties of steel. The material was machined to ASTM standards and then different tests like microstructure analysis, hardness test, impact test, etc. were carried out after the heat treatment processes. All the tests were carried out in the mechanical workshops and laboratories under the supervision of their respective …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 24–41 Read article
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The Effect of Carbon Percentage on Structural Steel’s Compressive and Tensile Strength: A Literature Survey
Abstract: The fundamental necessity of this survey is to check the enhancement of the strength, hardness, dimensional stability and wear resistance by passing them through the cold temperature that enhance the hardness of the substance as a result of the increment in which it took place within the proportion of primary solid solution within the structure. If the type of methods mentioned in the article are employed in manufacturing and production …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2015 Read article