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1216 articles for “species”
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A Comprehensive Review of Nanostructures:From Design to Real-World Applications
Abstract: Nanostructures represent a frontier in modern nanotechnology, offering uniquephysical, chemical, and biological characteristics that set them apart from theirlarger-scale counterparts.This article talks about the most studied and usednanostructures, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, nanorods, quantumdots, and 2D materials like graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs). We talk about how they are made, what they look like, and how theywork, focussing on how they are used in electronics, energy storage, catalysis,biomedicine, and …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Thermoacoustic Properties of Ethanol-n-Hexane and 1-Propanol-n-Hexane Binary Mixtures: A Comparative Study at 298.15 K
Abstract: Using an Anton Paar DSA 5000 M instrument, measurements of density, sound velocity, and viscosity were carried out for ethanol–n-hexane and 1-propanol–n-hexane binary mixtures across mole fractions ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 at a constant temperature of 298.15 K. These binary mixtures were specifically selected to investigate the behavior of polar–nonpolar molecular interactions and how they affect the thermophysical properties of the system. The density, sound velocity, and viscosity data …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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The Principal role of Carbon nanostructures and quantum size effect on quantum Gravitywave and Space applications
Abstract: Carbon bears several important nanostructures including carbon quantum dots, Carbon nanotube,fullerene, and Graphene. These nanomaterials are sensitive and wide area of research innanotechnology era and nanomedicine. The possibility of sensing, simulating, and performingquantum computation at nanoscale makes carbon nanostructures quit suitable in quantumteleportation, space probe studies, and artificial breathing. This research is focused on the impactof such carbon based structure and quantum size effect on the quantum gravity waves. Thus, …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Composite Engineering Materials: From StructuralFundamentals to Sustainable Applications
Abstract: Composite materials have become a key part of modern engineering and materials sciencebecause they are very strong for their weight, can be designed in many ways, and can bemade to fit specific needs. This page gives a full review of composite materials, focussing onhow they are classified, what they are made of (the matrix and the reinforcement), how theyare made, and how they behave mechanically. The conversation also covers the …
Published in International Journal of Composite and Constituent Materials · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Revolutionizing Glass Science: Analyzing the Crystallization Dynamics of Economical Glass-Ceramic Compositions
Abstract: The development of glass-ceramics presents an innovative approach to material science, leveraging the unique properties of non-crystalline glass combined with controlled crystallization. This study investigates the crystallization dynamics of economical glass-ceramic compositions derived from raw materials, such as blast furnace slag and granite rock. We explore the fabrication processes, examining the influence of these raw materials on microstructural interlocking and phase composition. Our findings reveal that specific ratios of slag …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Microalloyed Forging Steels
Abstract: The microalloyed (MA) forging steels have been developed over the past several decades and they are gradually employed in the high-performance applications in many structural, automotive, and numerous engineering applications. The principle of microalloying contents in the Fe–C alloy system, thereby preferably combined with different mechanical, heat treatment, and microalloying solubility control the precipitation behaviors that lead to enormous opportunities to develop a new generation of high strength low alloy …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Applications of Trans-Conductance Amplifier in CMOS
Abstract: Abstract: An output voltage proportionate to an input current is produced by the operating trans conductance amplifier. In this regard, it is equivalent to the fundamental purpose of the solid-state devices that make it possible. The operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is a very adaptable and essential part of contemporary analog and mixed-signal electronic circuits because it produces an output voltage proportionate to an input current. With the extra advantage of …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Revolutionizing Agriculture with Nanotechnology: Enhancing Efficiency and Sustainability in Crop Protection and Pest Management
Abstract: This brief review highlights the potential of nanotechnology in addressing critical challenges in modern agriculture driven by population growth, climate change, and the intensification of farming practices. The extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has increased productivity and caused environmental issues, such as soil salinization, eutrophication, and health risks due to chemical residues in food. Nanomaterials have emerged as promising solutions, offering benefits like enhanced specificity in agrochemical delivery …
Published in International Journal of Agrochemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Development of Smart Fire Extinguishing
Abstract: The invention of smart fire extinguishing agents, which satisfy the growing need for efficient, eco-friendly, and adaptable fire suppression systems, is a significant advancement in fire safety. Traditional fire extinguisher chemicals, such as water, foam, and chemical powders, are effective, but they often have disadvantages, including toxicity, negative environmental effects, and inefficiency in difficult situations. Conversely, smart extinguishing agents maximize fire suppression through intelligent, tailored responses by utilizing advancements in …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–19 Read article
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A Study of 3D Printing Technology and M.L. Algorithms for Enhanced Production
Abstract: Abstract The realm of 3D printing technology, also referred to as additive manufacturing, has garnered increasing interest in recent times due to its capacity to construct intricate geometric structures. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) stands out among the various techniques and has gained widespread adoption. However, achieving optimal outcomes with FDM poses a challenge, necessitating meticulous selection of process parameters. Presently, many methodologies rely on Machine Learning (ML) algorithms akin to …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 6–15 Read article
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Multiple Regression Analysis of Compressive, Flexural, and Split Tensile Strength in M40 Grade Concrete
Abstract: Concrete plays a key role as a construction material across the globe. The strength parameters of the concrete are primary reason for which it is designed for. The design mixed concrete has multiple strength parameters like compressive strength, spilt tensile strength, flexural (bending) strength etc. For each newly design mixed concrete, the mentioned strength parameters are tested for various time duration like 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 20–34 Read article
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The Cosmology and Spiritism in Ikwerre Architecture
Abstract: The architecture of Ikwerre ethnic group is deeply influenced by cosmological and spiritual beliefs, creating a built environment that reflects the Ikwerre worldview and connection to the hidden. Architecture serves as a physical expression of a culture’s values and beliefs, while cosmology reflects the shared understanding or interpretation of the universe held by that culture. Fundamental to Ikwerre cosmology is the belief in a world shared by humans, ancestors, deities, …
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 7–16 Read article
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Treatment of Leachate by Using Solid Waste
Abstract: Abstract Leachate, a hazardous liquid from landfill decomposition, is a significant environmental challenge worldwide. Traditional collection of solid waste: Gather the solid waste material you want to generate leachate from. This waste could include organic matter, plastics, paper, and other materials commonly found in municipal solid waste. Sorting and compressing: Depending on the initial state of the waste, you may need to shred or crush it to increase the surface …
Published in International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial Pollution · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 43–49 Read article
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Performance and Emission Analysis of Water HyacinthBiodiesel with TiO2 Nano-Additives Over Diesel Engine
Abstract: AbstractThis research work is related to performance and emissions analysis of diesel in combination with thewater hyacinth biodiesel with TiO2 as a nano-additive. This study also proposes water hyacinthbiodiesel (WHB) as a possible alternative energy source because the species is extensively dispersed infreshwater, marine, and aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Investigation is performed comparing TiO2nano-additive blended with water hyacinth biodiesel and diesel at various engine loads. WHB wasmixed with petroleum diesel fuel …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 26–37 Read article
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A Sensor Integrated Tool for Cutting Force Monitoring in Gantry Milling to Improve Flatness and Surface Finish: Review Study
Abstract: AbstractPrecision machining of sector plates plays a vital role in the efficient functioning of Air Pre-Heaters(APH), which are integral components of thermal power plants. These plates are subjected to harshthermal cycles and mechanical loads, making dimensional accuracy critical. For optimal heatexchange performance and mechanical reliability, it is essential to maintain tight manufacturingtolerances – flatness within ±400 microns and thickness up to 13 mm. Deviation from theseparameters can lead to air …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 25–45 Read article
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Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for Nonlinear Behavior in Advanced Materials
Abstract: (FEA) in investigating the nonlinear behavior of advanced materials plays a pivotal role in optimizing the design and performance of modern structural systems. As innovative materials, such as nanocomposites, metamaterials, and shape-memory alloys gain prominence, conventional linear modeling methods become inadequate for accurately capturing the intricate and time-dependent responses exhibited by these materials under diverse loading conditions. This research delves into cutting-edge FEA techniques to simulate and analyze the nonlinear …
Published in International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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An Insight into the Advanced Composite Materials Used in the Aviation Sector: A Review
Abstract: The creation of complex and specialised materials, such as composite materials, has advanced significantly in the field of aerospace engineering due to technological challenges. Composite materials are currently playing a bigger role in aviation engineering because of its greater strength at a reduced mass, firmness, and corrosion aversion. The study of composite substances used in aviation structures and further advanced composites as building materials are both covered in this paper. …
Published in International Journal of Composite Materials and Matrices · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Comprehensive Review of Membrane Fouling Control Mechanisms
Abstract: One of the biggest problems with membrane-based separation procedures is membrane fouling. As particles, organic matter, microbes, and other materials build up on the membrane’s surface or inside its pores, the effectiveness of membranes – such as those used in reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration – declines over time. The effectiveness and longevity of the membrane are eventually lowered because of this fouling, which causes a drop in flux and …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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A Comparative Study of Solar, Wind, and Biomass Energy for Decentralized Power Generation
Abstract: The need for clean, renewable energy sources is growing as decentralized power generation gains popularity due to its ability to provide reliable power to remote areas and reduce transmission losses. This paper compares three popular renewable energy sources—solar, wind, and biomass—evaluating their feasibility, efficiency, costs, environmental impact, and sustainability in the context of decentralized power generation. Findings indicate that while each energy source has distinct advantages and challenges, a hybrid …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Effect of Bacillus Subtilis on Corrosion of Steel in Reinforced Cement Concrete
Abstract: Abstract Concrete is one of the most used building materials due to its cost- effectiveness, ease of availability, and versatility. It is the backbone of modern construction, being widely applied in infrastructure, residential, and commercial projects. However, it is particularly vulnerable to crack formation, which significantly reduces its service life. These cracks compromise structural integrity by allowing water ingress, which leads to the corrosion of reinforcing steel, eventually making the …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 6–14 Read article