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539 articles for “composites”
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Reactor-Made Polypropylene for 3D Printing: A Low-Crystallinity Approach
Abstract: 3D printing is technology that enables the complex structure, which is difficult in conventional technique. However, relatively slow manufacturing process and using of limited polymeric material leads to attention of scientist towards newer cost-effective material and technology. In this study, we overcome this issue by synthesizing reactor-made polypropylene (mPP) using Dimethylsilylene-(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl)-zirconium-dichloride metallocene catalyst. The polymerization process was systematically optimized by varying Al/Zr molar ratios, catalyst concentrations, and temperatures to …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–17 Read article
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Nonlinear Finite Element Approaches for Structural Failure Prediction: A Comparative Assessment with Case Studies
Abstract: Abstract Nonlinear finite element methods (NLFEM) have become indispensable for predicting structural failure in complex engineering systems, particularly where linear models fail to capture critical behaviors, such as large deformations, crack propagation, and post-buckling responses. This study investigates and compares several state-of-the-art NLFEM techniques – namely cohesive zone modeling (CZM), extended finite element method (XFEM), and phase-field fracture modelling – in the context of structural failure prediction. Three representative case …
Published in International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Selection of Grade of Concrete & Grade of Steel
Abstract: Abstract In structural engineering, understanding the load distribution between steel and concrete is crucialfor ensuring the safety and stability of reinforced concrete structures. The load-bearing capacity ofboth materials, steel and concrete, is dependent on their respective characteristic strengths, whichinclude compressive, tensile, bending, and shear strengths. The behavior of a reinforced concretestructure under various loads is influenced by the interaction between these two materials, wheresteel typically handles tensile and bending stresses, …
Published in International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 32–37 Read article
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Biosynthesis of Culture Media for Microbial Growth
Abstract: This study explores the use of plant-based culture media as sustainable alternatives to traditional nutrient agar for microbial cultivation. Two types of plant-based media were developed: one using China grass as a solidifying agent and the other incorporating agar. These were compared with conventional nutrient agar. Microbial cultures were inoculated onto each medium and incubated under optimal conditions, with growth patterns and colony characteristics observed and documented over time. The …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 22–28 Read article
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Exploring the Boundless Applications of Chitosan: From Biomedical Marvel to Environmental Saviour
Abstract: Chitosan has attracted much interest because of its versatile properties and possible numerous usages in diversified industrial applications. Chitosan is having poor solubility in neutral and basic media and this is limiting its use. Chitosan is not a single polymer and do not have a defined structure. Chitosan is family of molecules with different composition, size & monomer units’ distribution and these characteristics have effect on the biological & technological …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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TPH Degradation through Bioremediation Using Organic Amendments
Abstract: This study investigates the effectiveness of bioremediation in crude oil-contaminated soils from the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, an area that has long suffered environmental degradation due to recurrent petroleum exploration and oil spills. The research emphasizes the degradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) in two distinct soil types – swampy and clay soils – while assessing the influence of various organic and inorganic amendments. Organic amendments, specifically Moringa seed …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 40–45 Read article
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Design and Optimization of Gas Turbine Blades for High-Temperature Operations
Abstract: Abstract The design and optimization of gas turbine blades for high-temperature operations are critical to enhancing the efficiency and reliability of power generation and propulsion systems. These components operate under extreme conditions of heat, pressure, and mechanical stress, making their performance pivotal to the overall effectiveness of turbines. This study explores the key factors influencing blade performance, emphasizing the importance of material selection, thermal barrier coatings, aerodynamic design, cooling mechanisms, …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 22–27 Read article
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Nanocomposites – Enhancing Mechanical Properties Through Nanoengineering
Abstract: Nanocomposites represent a groundbreaking development in material science, leveraging the unique properties of nanoscale reinforcements to revolutionize the performance of traditional composite materials. By integrating nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, nanoclays, and metal nanoparticles into a polymer, ceramic, or metal matrix, nanocomposites exhibit significantly enhanced mechanical properties, including improved strength, toughness, and durability. These improvements arise from superior interfacial interactions, efficient load transfer mechanisms, and increased resistance to mechanical …
Published in International Journal of Composite and Constituent Materials · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 46–52 Read article
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Study of Corrosion of Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals in Aqueous Medium
Abstract: Metals, like ferrous and non-ferrous, interact on their interface to develop corrosion cells. The aqueous medium produces a hostile environment due to the availability of dissolved oxygen, acids, bases, salts, bio-waste, and effluents. The solubility of acidic gases oxide of carbon, oxide of nitrogen, and oxide of sculpture create an acidic medium for metal. These unfriendly environments accelerate corrosion reactions and metals exhibit uniform, galvanic, pitting, crevice, stress, and lynching …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 44–50 Read article
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Development of Nanocomposites for Sensor Applications
Abstract: The development of nanocomposites for sensor applications represents a significant breakthrough in materials science and engineering, driven by the unique properties of nanomaterials. Nanocomposites, which combine nanoparticles with polymers or other matrices, exhibit enhanced mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, making them highly suitable for various sensing applications. The integration of nanoparticles, such as metal oxide, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, into a composite framework can dramatically increase sensitivity and selectivity, enabling …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 18–37 Read article
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Treatment of CO2+NH3 Mixed Waste Gas from Different Sources by Blend Solvents
Abstract: The waste gas from chemical plants, including urea fertilizer plant, contains a large amount of CO2 gas in addition to NH3 gas. New solvents have been studied for use in the absorption of waste gases, but most of them are carried out at specific compositions and flow rates for individual gases. In this paper, a complete conceptual design of the process for separately absorbing CO2 and NH3 gases in a …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–19 Read article
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Determination of the Concentration of Some Selected Metals in Unripe Plantain (Musa paradisiaca)
Abstract: Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) is a food commonly consumed in Nigeria as boiled, roasted, or fried in its ripe and unripe form. Plantains harvested in Ekpoma, a predominately plantain-growing community, were studied for their mineral and sugar composition level of the unripe. Complexometric titration was used to determine the level of calcium and magnesium, flame photometer was used for sodium and potassium determination while zinc, iron, copper, chromium, manganese, and Co …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Royal Jelly: A Brief Review of Nano and Micro Carriers and Potential Applications
Abstract: Royal Jelly, a bioactive substance known for its rich composition of proteins, lipids, and minerals, possesses significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its instability in the presence of light, heat, and oxygen limits its practical applications. Recent advancements in nanotechnology, mainly using nanoparticles combined with microencapsulation techniques, have shown promise in enhancing royal jelly’s stability, bioavailability, and controlled release. This brief review explores encapsulated royal jelly’s biological effects and …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 34–48 Read article
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Assessing trends in Speciation of First-Row Transition Metals in Children's Playgrounds of Owerri, Nigeria
Abstract: Chemical species of metals affect toxicity but trends of these metals species in soils are less studied. This study examined the trends and variability of species of metals in soils from playgrounds within Owerri. Eighty-one composite soil samples from nine playgrounds were collected in dry and rainy season to reflect spatio-seasonal variability. Samples were characterized by standard methods in triplicates and then extracted sequentially. Concentrations of metal species were determined …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 28–45 Read article
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Kinetic Modifications in Polymers under Cryogenic Stress: A Thermochemical Study
Abstract: This study explores the kinetic modifications in polymers subjected to cryogenic stress, focusing on the thermochemical behavior and structural changes that occur at low temperatures. Polymers, when exposed to cryogenic conditions, exhibit distinct molecular rearrangements, influencing their mechanical properties and thermal stability. The investigation involves characterizing these polymers using advanced spectroscopic and thermal analysis techniques to identify alterations in crystallinity, molecular weight distribution, and glass transition temperature. By examining the …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 Read article
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Thermal Dynamics and Kinetic Modelling of Cryogenic Fuels in Aerospace and IndustrialApplications
Abstract: Cryogenic fuels are critical for high-speed aerospace and industrial applications, where efficient handling, storage, and usage are paramount for performance and safety. This study explores the thermal dynamics and kinetic modeling of cryogenic fuels, focusing on liquid handling systems and propellant technologies. Utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, the research evaluates the behavior of cryogenic liquids within insulated vessels under extreme temperature conditions, identifying key parameters that influence thermal stability …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 Read article
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Chemical and Geotechnical Evaluation of Steel Slag for Sustainable Construction Practices
Abstract: Steel slag, a byproduct of the steelmaking process, is generated at an estimated 160 kg per ton ofsteel production. This study explores the chemical and mineral compositions of steel slag,highlighting key compounds such as SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, and MnO, along with mineralcomponents like C3S, C2S, C4AF, and free-CaO. The research emphasizes the extensive applications ofsteel slag in cement-based products, ceramics, road paving, and concrete admixtures. Specifically, itevaluates the incorporation …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 28–37 Read article
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Dry Season Impact on Water Quality of Nworie River, Owerri, Nigeria
Abstract: This study assessed the physicochemical properties and heavy metal contamination of Nworie River during the dry season. Fifteen composite water samples were collected from strategic points along the river. In-situ measurements of pH, temperature, and electrical conductivity were undertaken, while laboratory analyses determined heavy metal concentrations. Pollution Load Index and Contamination Factor were employed to evaluate the overall water quality and contamination levels. Results indicated moderate to high levels of …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 40–49 Read article
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Exploring the role of Nanomaterials in construction and self-healing technologies.
Abstract: In recent times, nanotechnology and nanoscience have gained popularity because of their sustainable characteristics. Nanomaterials exhibit useful properties, such as strength, durability, insulating properties, thermal properties, etc, which is very important when considering construction materials. This study is conducted to explore the role of nanomaterials and to understand how they improve the function and efficiency of building materials specifically in sustainability and self-healing aspects. This study is done with the …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 13–25 Read article
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Investigating the integration of renewable energy systems in buildings and their impact on energy consumption
Abstract: Energy consumption in a building conventionally utilizes non-renewable resources that affect the ecosystem. The increase in usage of non-renewable energy increases carbon footprint, greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, and depletion of energy resources. Renewable energy resources can significantly reduce the impacts caused by non-renewable energy resources in a building. The issues that need to be kept in mind while designing energy-efficient buildings are the reduction of energy consumption originating from …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–11 Read article